At frist, please note that tuning of suspension is not one day deal. You should try to do only one or two settings at a time and correct changes in right way. And of course the main goal of all tuning operations is fast, comfortable and safety drive. Not only fast ;)
And remember, score twice before you cut once
Let’s get back to the meat. Suspension tuning involves modifying the springs, shock absorbers, swaybars, and other related components of a vehicle.
- Anti-roll / sway bars
understeer: reduce front or increase rear Anti-roll / sway bars
oversteer: increase front or reduce rear Anti-roll / sway bars
- Camber Angle
Too much negative Front camber:
Car turns into a corner too quickly or becomes loose.
Chassis will tighten up from the middle out.
Too much negative Rear camber:
Tight condition from the middle out.
Loose condition entering a corner.
Too much positive Front camber:
Car turns into a corner too slowly & feels tight.
Chassis will loosen up from the middle out.
Too much positive Rear camber:
Loose condition from the middle out.
Tight condition entering a corner.
CAR OVERSTEERS/UNDERSTEERS IN THE MIDDLE OF A CORNER is a result of :
Improper camber settings.
Not enough negative Front camber.
Excessive positive camber in the Rear.
- Center of gravity and roll center
center of gravity as low to the ground as possible to reduce weight transfer to the loads acting on the roll center
- Damping/ Bump and Rebound
1-Way adjustable Suspension: rebound adjustable only.
2-Way adjustable Suspension: bump and rebound adjustable.
4-Way adjustable Suspension: high and low speed bump setting , high and low speed rebound settings (high speed for bumps, low speed for corners and braking).
- Ride Height
Too low a ride height:
Car will bottom out.
On the rear will increase straightaway speeds.
Too high a ride height:
On the rear will increase rear traction & bite.
the suspension should be as low as possible to the floor with out the the car bottoming out ( wheel, chassis or ground making contact with each other)
Adjustments will require fitting of adjustable coilovers, dampers, or shorter springs.
- Spring Rate and Wheel Rate
Front springs too stiff:
Car will Understeer.
Car feels stiff & unresponsive.
Front springs too weak:
Car will Understeer.
Front of car will dive entering a corner & may bottom out while braking.
Excessive body roll.
Mid turn push.
Rear springs too stiff:
Car will Oversteer when accelerating.
Excessive wheelspin.
Rear springs too weak:
Car will Understeer.
Excessive rear squat when accelerating possibly bottoming out.
Car will roll over onto the RR.
Car may be slow to take a set.
- Toe In/ Toe Out
Too much toe in causes the outsides of the tyres/ tires to wear out.
Too much toe out causes the insides of the tyres/ tires to wear out.
- Weight Distribution-Static/ Corner Weights
Bear in mind the following rules:
If we increase the FL and FR spring perch (adjustment ring), then only ride height increases.
If we increase RL and RR spring perches, then only the ride height increases.
If we either increase the FL and RL or FR and RR ( one side of the car), we only increase the ride height.
GOOD LUCK!
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